Table 1
Child Care: Percentage of Children by Type of Care Arrangement for Children from Birth through Age 6, Not Yet in Kindergarten, by Child and Family Characteristics, 1995, 2001, and 2005
							Care in a home1
	Parental care only			Total in nonparental care2			By a relative			By a nonrelative			Center-based program3
	1995	2001	2005	1995	2001	2005	1995	2001	2005	1995	2001	2005	1995	2001	2005
Total	40	39	39	60	61	61	21	23	22	18	16	14	31	33	36
Age/grade in school
Ages 0-2	51	48	49	50	52	51	23	23	22	19	18	16	12	17	20
Ages 3-6, not yet in kindergarten	26	26	24	74	74	74	19	23	23	17	14	12	55	56	57
Race and Hispanic origin4
White, non-Hispanic	38	38	37	62	62	63	18	20	21	21	19	17	33	35	38
Black, non-Hispanic	34	26	30	66	74	70	31	35	28	12	13	10	33	40	44
Hispanic	54	52	51	46	48	50	23	23	21	12	12	10	17	21	25
Asian	42	43	44	58	57	57	27	23	21	9	9	9	30	34	37
Poverty Status
Below 100% poverty	50	45	49	50	55	51	23	27	23	10	11	8	24	27	28
100-199% poverty	48	46	47	52	54	53	23	23	24	13	13	9	24	28	29
200% poverty and above	30	33	32	70	67	68	19	21	21	25	21	18	38	39	42
Family Type
Two parents	42	43	43	58	57	57	17	19	19	19	16	14	30	32	34
Two parents, married	-	42	42	-	58	58	-	18	19	-	17	14	-	33	36
Two parents, unmarried	-	47	53	-	53	47	-	24	20	-	12	13	-	25	22
One parent	33	27	25	67	74	75	33	37	36	15	17	13	32	36	42
No parents	45	18	33	55	82	67	17	39	28	11	9	10	31	48	44
Mother's highest level of education6
Less than high school graduate	62	56	64	38	45	36	20	22	16	7	8	6	16	21	19
High school graduate/GED	44	42	44	56	58	56	23	26	24	15	13	10	26	28	31
Vocational/technical or some college	34	37	37	66	63	64	24	25	26	19	15	15	34	36	35
College graduate	28	32	31	72	69	70	15	17	19	28	24	19	43	42	46
Mother's employment status6
35 hours or more per week	12	15	15	88	85	85	33	34	32	32	26	23	39	42	48
Less than 35 hours per week	25	29	30	75	71	70	30	32	31	26	20	18	35	36	38
Looking for work	58	57	53	42	43	47	16	17	21	4	10	8	25	25	23
Not in the labor force	68	68	66	32	32	34	7	7	8	6	5	4	22	24	26
1 Relative and nonrelative care can take place in either the child's own home or another home.
2 Some children participate in more than one type of nonparental care arrangement. Thus, details do not sum to the total percentage of children in nonparental care.
3 Center-based programs include day care centers, prekindergartens, nursery schools, Head Start programs, and other early childhood education programs.
4 Estimates for 2005 by race have been revised to reflect the new OMB race definitions, and include only those who are identified with a single race. Hispanics may be of any race.
5Refers to adults’ relationship to child and does not indicate marital status.
6 Children without a mother in the home are excluded from estimates of mother's highest level of education and mother's employment status.
Source: Reproduced from Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics. America's Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being, 2006, Table POP8.A. Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Based on National Center for Education Statistics, National Household Education Survey, 2005.