Table 1

Participation in School Music or Performing Arts, 1991-2006

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Eighth Grade

54.5

53.9

52.8

49.5

53.6

54.8

54.4

54.5

53.0

53.4

53.7

51.0

48.2

49.1

47.5

49.0

Gender

Male

43.8

42.7

42.5

40.2

43.7

43.9

45.2

45.7

42.9

42.6

44.6

39.3

40.5

40.3

37.8

39.6

Female

64.9

64.0

61.9

58.8

62.4

64.9

62.9

63.0

62.5

63.3

62.0

55.6

57.6

57.0

58.1

Race

White

56.2

56.5

54.6

52.1

53.9

56.3

56.4

56.5

54.3

56.3

56.1

53.7

50.5

51.1

50.2

50.9

Black

56.1

55.6

53.0

50.8

62.6

51.8

52.9

53.7

57.7

51.0

52.8

50.7

46.5

47.9

41.6

47.8

Parental Education¹

Less than high school

44.5

43.9

42.4

40.0

38.7

50.7

48.5

45.5

41.2

38.7

42.0

41.0

32.6

36.1

30.9

35.7

Completed high school

47.7

47.5

49.3

46.1

49.6

53.0

50.7

47.0

44.6

47.1

44.7

47.2

42.6

43.3

38.1

43.9

Some college

55.6

54.7

51.2

50.8

54.4

53.4

52.9

53.8

52.3

56.4

52.8

49.5

46.4

47.0

47.2

47.6

Completed college

59.2

59.9

58.9

50.3

58.5

58.7

59.2

58.9

58.8

60.1

56.1

51.6

54.4

53.7

53.2

Graduate school

65.9

65.5

62.8

63.2

64.6

63.5

62.8

64.0

67.2

65.1

68.8

61.4

65.2

59.8

63.2

63.7

College Plans

None or under 4 years

39.1

34.2

36.3

33.0

36.9

40.1

42.0

36.6

31.9

34.4

30.8

33.3

28.5

31.0

25.0

31.7

Complete four years

57.1

57.0

55.1

51.9

55.8

57.1

56.1

56.6

55.4

55.7

56.2

52.7

50.3

51.2

50.0

50.8

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Tenth Grade

36.4

38.2

37.5

36.6

39.7

39.0

39.5

39.8

40.6

40.0

41.0

38.3

40.0

42.3

39.5

37.9

Gender

Male

28.3

28.1

27.0

30.7

28.6

29.7

30.7

31.1

30.7

30.8

28.3

31.3

33.8

30.1

29.2

Female

43.9

47.2

46.9

45.5

48.5

48.7

48.9

47.2

49.1

48.4

49.9

48.1

48.0

50.0

48.4

46.7

Race

White

37.5

39.0

38.6

36.9

39.6

39.9

40.3

42.5

41.5

42.1

39.2

40.7

43.2

40.1

38.0

Black

37.4

40.3

34.7

38.4

40.3

33.9

38.3

42.9

39.6

42.5

38.9

39.5

42.3

48.1

40.2

38.0

Parental Education¹

Less than high school

28.2

26.6

26.1

25.9

30.0

30.9

34.9

31.3

34.7

31.4

37.9

28.7

30.5

30.3

31.8

27.9

Completed high school

32.5

34.3

33.0

33.1

34.2

33.0

32.0

36.0

35.9

34.6

35.3

31.4

33.8

35.5

32.4

31.4

Some college

35.7

35.1

38.6

35.5

38.2

39.7

40.6

39.9

39.2

38.6

38.4

38.8

39.5

42.4

37.2

37.6

Completed college

39.5

44.1

41.8

39.6

43.3

43.4

44.1

41.9

46.1

44.3

45.4

42.7

44.3

45.9

43.9

41.5

Graduate school

46.2

51.0

47.9

47.5

51.2

45.1

47.5

51.6

49.1

51.4

53.3

48.5

52.5

50.0

46.2

College Plans

None or under 4 years

22.4

24.2

22.9

24.2

22.2

25.1

27.7

29.3

23.8

27.2

19.2

25.2

25.7

24.9

23.3

Complete four years

39.3

41.0

40.3

39.1

42.6

41.2

42.1

41.8

42.4

42.5

43.1

41.5

42.2

44.4

41.4

39.8

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Twelfth Grade

40.0

39.8

40.6

38.8

40.2

40.4

39.1

38.8

40.5

41.3

42.2

40.3

40.7

39.2

39.9

41.4

Gender

Male

32.1

32.6

33.1

31.5

32.6

33.4

32.0

30.8

34.5

33.3

31.5

33.7

32.4

34.0

34.7

Female

47.5

46.0

47.6

45.0

47.0

46.9

44.8

47.0

46.4

48.2

50.8

48.5

46.8

45.6

45.0

48.1

Race

White

39.8

39.1

39.8

38.5

40.2

40.8

38.2

38.0

40.4

39.7

42.2

41.2

41.1

39.2

39.0

41.3

Black

40.4

47.7

40.8

40.6

39.4

41.9

39.6

42.9

39.8

46.0

44.2

36.0

43.4

39.1

42.8

Parental Education¹

Less than high school

38.1

30.9

35.5

33.1

30.2

32.4

38.2

29.9

33.9

28.0

38.4

31.8

27.1

33.6

36.1

36.6

Completed high school

35.1

34.9

37.4

31.6

35.7

35.4

31.3

35.7

34.1

36.8

37.7

36.4

36.6

35.3

36.0

36.8

Some college

38.7

38.9

38.5

41.0

40.0

38.5

36.7

38.0

41.0

39.0

41.1

40.9

41.9

37.5

38.3

39.7

Completed college

44.6

45.1

45.8

43.2

43.0

46.0

43.6

43.0

41.6

46.3

46.8

43.6

43.3

42.1

40.6

46.5

Graduate school

50.5

51.9

48.9

43.9

49.4

46.9

48.5

45.8

52.2

51.8

48.5

47.2

49.2

49.0

47.6

48.4

College Plans

None or under 4 years

30.0

28.2

32.2

25.7

28.5

29.2

27.4

27.8

29.9

31.3

31.8

29.6

29.5

29.7

31.4

32.2

Complete four years

43.7

43.8

43.7

42.5

43.6

43.3

42.4

41.8

43.5

43.7

45.2

43.0

43.4

41.9

41.8

44.1

¹ Parental education is calculated by the Institute of Social Research as the average of the mother's and father's education. Child Trends has relabeled these results to reflect the education level of the most educated parent. In those circumstances where the gap between mothers' and fathers' education is more than one level, this results in an underestimate of the most educated parent's education level.

Source: Original analysis by Child Trends of Monitoring the Future data, 1991-2006